source: Stellenbosch University
As mental health challenges continue to escalate globally, the International Astronomical Union Office of Astronomy for Development (IAU OAD) is spearheading a groundbreaking initiative that leverages the cosmos. By partnering with public health researchers, the OAD is unveiling novel ways in which astronomy experiences can enhance emotional wellbeing, reduce stress, and foster social connections.
Mental health is particularly of concern in South Africa where nearly 40% of South Africans experience symptoms of depression or anxiety. With an urgent need for innovative and accessible approaches to mental health, the OAD joined forces with CoCREATE Health Hub, a niche in the Division of Health Systems and Public Health at Stellenbosch University. Our pioneering Astronomy for Mental Health initiative scientifically explores how the Office’s core discipline, astronomy, can be utilised to build mental resilience through awe, nature immersion, and “cosmic perspective-taking.”
A Cosmic Toolkit for Development
The project examines how structured astronomy sessions such as stargazing can serve as low-cost, high-impact support for mental health. The approach is grounded in both Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory, and Acceptance and commitment therapy.
Growing global evidence shows that awe-filled experiences activate brain regions tied to emotional regulation, reduce cortisol levels and restore a sense of calm. The research team believes the night sky offers a uniquely powerful version of this effect.
For the OAD, the night sky offers a unique advantage. It exemplifies “soft fascination”, an effortless attention that restores clarity. The team is particularly focused on leveraging the “Overview Effect”, a cognitive shift often described by astronauts when viewing Earth from space. By guiding ordinary individuals to gaze at the cosmos, the OAD aspires to replicate this profound shift, eliciting feelings of tranquility, gratitude, and a shared sense of humanity.
Insights from the Dark Skies of Sutherland
To test this theory, the OAD recently facilitated a pilot event in Sutherland, home to the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) and some of the world’s darkest skies. The event welcomed families for a guided astronomy weekend where participants explored the Karoo landscape, observed the night sky, and marveled at its beauty.
Preliminary results were compelling. Through a combination of self-report questionnaires and reflective journaling, the team observed a consistent trend. Within 24 hours of engaging with the night sky, participants reported reduced anxiety and enhanced emotional states.
Kevin Govender, Director of the OAD, said “Astronomy has always invited us to ask big questions. Now we’re learning it can also help us sit with them, quietly, together, under the same sky.”
Beyond Escape: A Shift in Perspective
While nature retreats are common, the OAD’s research suggests that the astronomical element adds a distinct layer of psychological benefit.
Project lead Prof. Hendricks noted that they are discovering that the cosmic element, the vastness, the awe, induces a uniquely profound shift. She added that it not only calms individuals but transforms their understanding of self and their role in the universe.
Participants described a newfound mental spaciousness, with one participant reflecting that they still picture the Milky Way when things feel heavy, which reminds them that their problems are not infinite.
A Vision for Accessible Mental Health
Crucially, the OAD explores how astronomy activities such as stargazing can be an effective strategy for areas where clinical care is limited. It is free, culturally inclusive, and requires minimal equipment.
Looking ahead, the project is set to run until 2029 with the team aiming to publish a paper detailing these preliminary findings by the end of 2025, providing a framework for how the stars can support mental health.
Interview with Helderberg FM